This is not a clear cut question and the most likely diagnosis here is limited systemicsclerosis. Both limited and diffuse systemic sclerosis may present with pain in hands whenexposed to cold (Raynaud’s phenomena). The classical features of Raynaud’sphenomenon are episodic …
Sensitivity and specificity calculations are very commonly asked. Below you would find a table and a formula to memorise and understand for the purpose of the exam. Disease present Disease absent Test positive a b Test negative c d Sensitivity …
Normal capillary refill time is usually less than 2 seconds. Prolonged capillary refill time is a sign of clinical shock. Intravenous fluid should be started immediately. A 2 year old child can have a heart rate anywhere between 80 to …
Labetalol is the most studied antihypertensive in pregnancy with the safest profile. Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Te gehneral management for gestational hypertension can be summarized below: Degree of Hypertension Mild Hypertension (140/90 to 149/99 mmHg) Moderate Hypertension (150/100 to 159/109 mmHg) …
Pyloric Stenosis: Presentation: Projectile non-bilious vomiting Age group: 3-8 weeks Olive sized abdominal mass The child will feel hungry and want to feed despite constant vomiting Diagnosis: Abdominal ultrasound Treatment: Metabolic alkalosis – correct electrolyte imbalance + dehydration Then referral …
This woman is trying to conceive. The only option to preserve fertility here is a myomectomy. Endometrial ablation is a very good option to decrease menorrhagia however the procedure involves using electrical currents or heated water to destroy the endometrium …
The likely diagnosis here is cervicitis caused by either chlamydia or Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The endocervix is the principal site to be tested. Swabs of the endocervix can betaken during a speculum examination or indirectly by a vulvovaginal swab. These samples …
UTI presents atypically in neonates and may be associated with life-threatening sepsis. If the child is less than 6 months old like in this case and responds well to treatment within 48 hours, an ultrasound can be arranged to be …
This young boy has 5 out of 5 of the diagnostic features of Kawasaki disease with a fever above 39 C for more than 5 days. It is important to realise that in its early stages, Kawasaki disease can mimic …
This is a classic case of measles. The rash seen on his buccal mucosa is called Koplik spots. He was not given routine immunizations which include measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine which if he had the first jab, could …