Immunoglobulins The table below summarizes the characteristics of the 5 types of immunoglobulin found in the body: IgG 75% Monomer Enhance phagocytosis of bacteria and viruses, pass to fetal circulation IgA 15% Monomer/Dimer Found in secretions, provide localized protection on …
The other components of thin filaments are actin and tropomyosin. Thick filaments are primarily composed of myosin. Cardiac enzymes and protein markers Interpretation of the various cardiac enzymes has now largely been superceded by the introduction of troponin T and …
Whilst white rice has a glycemic index of 87 brown rice has a much lower value of 58 Glycemic index The glycemic index (GI) describes the capacity of a food to raise blood glucose compared with glucose in normal glucose-tolerant …
A cohort study would provide more robust evidence than a case-control study. Study design The following table highlights the main features of the main types of study: Randomized Controlled Trial Participants are randomly allocated to either an intervention or a …
Likelihood ratio for a positive test result = sensitivity / (1 – specificity) Likelihood ratio for a positive test result = sensitivity / (1 – specificity) = 0.8 / (1 – 0.6) = 2 Screening test statistics It would be …
Haemochromatosis is more common than cystic fibrosis Haemochromatosis is an autosomal recessive disorder with a carrier rate of 1 in 10 and is present in about 1 in 200-400 people. Cystic fibrosis (CF) has a carrier rate of 1 in …
This patient has had repeated infections with encapsulated bacteria which should raise the suspicion of immunoglobulin deficiency. HIV would be suggested by infections associated with impaired cellular immunity. Immunoglobulins The table below summarizes the characteristics of the 5 types of …
Relative risk reduction = (EER – CER) / CER Experimental event rate, EER = 15 / 150 = 0.1 Control event rate, CER = 100 / 250 = 0.4 Relative risk reduction = (EER – CER) / CER = (0.1 …
Down’s syndrome risk – 1/1,000 at 30 years then divide by 3 for every 5 years Down’s syndrome: epidemiology and genetics Risk of Down’s syndrome with increasing maternal age 35 years = 1/350 40 years = 1/100 45 years = …
As the outcome (childhood leukemia) is relatively rare a cohort study would take an extremely long time to provide significant results Study design The following table highlights the main features of the main types of study Randomised controlled trial Participants …